Apparatus for the continuous separation and after separation of nitroglycerine and residuary acid



Dec. 12, 193 3; j jg 1,939,634

APPARATUS FOR, THE CONTINUOUS -SEPARATIONVAN'D AFTER SEPARATION OFNITROGLYCERINE AND RESIDUARY ACID Opigina'l.FiledJuly 18. 1929 JM Q f 4 U I S 3 igiplaced only the bottom Fatented Dec. 12,1933

APPARATUS FOR EATION .AND

-ATENTQ rfiE ctmmuqtsjfseii- AFTER. SEPARATION OF ,NITBOGLYCERINE ANDJBESIDUAKY AOIDI .l

Q. ."Arnold Schmid,1 deceased, late Judendorf Strassengel, ,Styria, ,Austria, by Hans Schmid and Irma Schmid,

Y Strassengel, Austria,

- l original application administrator s, Juden i f;

July 18, 1929, Serial No. i

F 379,293,and in Germany-July'30;1928. Divided i and this application October 30, 1930. Serial l 3 Claims; 01,; 234m) e t t outror if .the separator is ,providedwith a cool-- i I This} invention relates towan'apparatus for the continuous preliminary separation and a'ftefseparation of nitroglycerine and-residuary acid;

-In;.the known. apparatus spite. of the ar- Q' I rangement .of perforated distributing plates, the

emulsion, of nitroglycerine and residuary acid immediately on itsadinission ascended, on account of its lightness, in the heavier acid-charge and passed through themessel between the up- 1Cpermost-plates," while the heavier acid remained in the bottom part of. the'separator and did not.

circulate. e l r t -In thisway only apart ofthe separating re-.. Qeptacle is; actually utilized .for the process of 5. separation, whilein the otherpart of the sepa rator. the ,residuary, acid: constitutes an unnecessarycharge only,*and;consequently the separationcarried out inan apparatus of this known kind is @very unsatisfactory and thedischarged 5 jresiduary acid thus contains muchjmore nitroglycerine insuspension thanwouldbe the case if the liquid actually had been distributed over the iwholereceptacle; In view thereof it has been necessary to' carry out the preliminary sep-a 5..aration and also the after separation in separate apparatuses, so thatthe said separator has been employed for theafter'separation only; In-this event better results were obtainedbecause such a greatdifierenceinlthe specific weight of the 3 suppliedliquid and the discharged did nolonger exist, but also in this case the processfwasnot quite satisfactory. l w

Small differences of the liquids arose namely by differences of temperature and again in-.

- fjfluenced the course of the circulation in an undesirable manner. When the warmer residuary acid entered the colder. after separator, the admitted acid ascended immediately and displaced only the top half of thecharge of the receptacle,

4 while the bottom half still remained unchanged.

.from, are separated at the top wall 4 of there- 'ceptacle and thereupon slide upward. The acid.

. fthe'separator, if the nitrating temperature is so 1 high, that it always lies above the temperature 0f the chamber in which the separationis carried perature. .Now 'if the acid flows through the separator not horizontally but from: top to bottom, it is-quite certain thatthe warmer and thus.

lighter acid cannot descend to the discharge opening located at the lowermost place of the apparatus without displacing, the .colderand of the separator withoutthenecessity of,me--

thus heavier acid, In this. way the acid-current isdistributed over the whole cross sectional area chanicalmeans such as sieves andthe like.

According to this invention, theseparation' and after separation is carried out in a, single apparatus, whereby however anjncrease in den-. sity takes place during the separation as-well @s during the cooling of the acid, which does not: necessitate a vertical flow from top foo-bottom.- ,.Severa1 modes of carrying out the present-invention are illustrated diagrammatically and .by

the apparatus longitudinal section and trans-5 verse section respectivelyq,

Fig. 4is a longitudinal section ofa. still fur:- ther' modified construction.

In the apparatus shown in Fig. 1', theemulsion consisting of nitroglycerine and residuary acid is admitted into the receptacle 2 by way of an inletpipe 1. The mixture is heavier than the nitroglycerine located at the 'top and lighter than the residuary acid-disposed at the bottom'and therefore immediately distributesits'elf at the zone of separation 3 inithe form of a-horizontally disposed layer. During the downward flow of the acid, the drops of nitroglycerine rise theregradually becomes heavierowing to the loss of nitroglycerine and the cooling action of a cooling jacket 5., Thus always a lighter layer rests on aration-level remains at 3, an observation window 10 being provided at this height and the ICE.

way of example won the accompanying sheet of drawing in which:j i i l i l a heavier layer, sothat a uniform flow or circu separated nitroglycerine and the residuary acid automaticallyleave the apparatus.

The cooling'jacket can be dispensed with if the temperature of the room is lower than the temperature of the incoming emulsion. .On the other -hand, the said cooling jacket canbe .replacedby in the same way as reference to Fig. 1.' r 40 ment may be varied; but

an interior cooling coil or by a thermic insulation of the receptacle.

2. It is new to arrange the'plate's 4 ata gradient of between 30 and 60 degrees. The slope is now in the direction of flow. of theliquid and not vertically thereto as heretofore. In this way, the acid passes betwen the plates during its descent.

Compared with the well'known constructions,

the greater gradient of the plates of the apparatus herein set forth possesses the further advantage, that the nitroglycerine slides :upward along be corrugated or grooved on the under side, as is.

alre'a'dythecase in known constructions, in order that the drops of nitroglycerine more readily combineand rise.

- A furthernovel feature of this construction consists in the arrangement of an empty space. 8 above the plates 4 which servesaspreliminary separaton-because in this space the greater part of the nitroglycerine is separated from the emulsiorrso that; only a very small part thereof passes with the acid between the plates. This possesses the advantage, that the" process of separation'and the separation-level'can be watched through-a window'10 and the-emulsion is distributed overthe entire c'rosssectional area of Otherwise the apparatus works the receptacle' it has been described with Thecoils may be dispensed with under certain circumstances. Also theirnumber and arrangecare is'to be taken, that the entire area of the receptacle is uniformly cooled- If me layers between 'the plates'"are more cooled than other layers, the downward flow will be acceleratedinthe colder layers owing to the increasing-density of the'acid, so that'theuni formity of flow, and thus .the' good effect of the separator are-lost again. 7

Compared with the arrangement shown in Figs.

2 and 3, the apparatus shown'in Fig.4 differsiin The apparatus may be provided with plates in known manner. An ar rangement of this kind is shown in Fig.7 2 in longitudinal section along line .B -BnfFig. 3,and in Fig. 3 in transverse section along line A-A of Fig.

the arrangement of the coil and possesses the advantage of simple construction; In this arrangement the coil 5is located in the upper preliminary separation space '8 and uniformly cools the whole area of the receptacle. However it is necessary to line the receptacle 2 against absorption of heat by aninsulating material 9, in order that upwardly, directed currents may not arise at the walls in consequence of heating, which would result in too rapid movement. of the suspended nitroglycerine present in the middle of the apparatus. Otherwise the operation of the apparatus is the same as in the construction according to Fig.' 1.

y This application is a division of co-pending application No. 379,293,. .filed July 18, 1929.

We claim:-- j 1. Apparatus for tion of nitroglycerine residual acid, comprising a "vessel inclined towards the horizontal, and provided-with an inlet near its .top -.for.' said acid, means adapted to controlthe temperature in said preliminary and-final separavessel, thereby. keeping the. .upper part of said .vessel and the "liquid therein warmer aandthereforeof less "gravity than the cooled middle' and lower part in order to separate the nitroglycerine in. said upper part while keepingthe liquidin the middle and lower part of said vessel cooler and therefore ofgreater gravity than in the upper part, in order to compel the residual acid separated from the nitroglycerineto descend, a standpipe at the'bottom of said vesselfor' discharging the separated acid and atake-ofi pipe at the uppermost point of the vessel-for the nitroglycerine.

2. Apparatusin accordance with'claim 1,.having ribbed plates parallel to the longitudinal walls of the separating vessel providing a separating chamber in the upper part of the separation vessel,=and acoolinglchamber for :theresidual acid in the lower part of the vessel, causing the residual acid becoming constantly heavier-to descend along.

HANS scr m- 1);

IRMA. scrnvnn,

.Adm'inistrators of Arnold Schmid,.Deceased. 

